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139 lines
6.8 KiB
139 lines
6.8 KiB
3 years ago
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# Secret 的静态加密
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kubernetes 集群中，secret默认是明文存储(base64编码)。可以通过开启静态加密来对secret进行加密。
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## 开启静态加密
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通过配置apiserver来开启静态加密功能。
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### 创建静态加密配置
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开启静态加密需要一个配置文件。以下是配置示例：
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```yaml
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apiVersion: apiserver.config.k8s.io/v1
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kind: EncryptionConfiguration
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resources:
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- resources:
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- secrets
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providers:
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- identity: {}
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- aesgcm:
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keys:
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- name: key1
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secret: c2VjcmV0IGlzIHNlY3VyZQ==
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- name: key2
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secret: dGhpcyBpcyBwYXNzd29yZA==
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- aescbc:
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keys:
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- name: key1
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secret: c2VjcmV0IGlzIHNlY3VyZQ==
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- name: key2
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secret: dGhpcyBpcyBwYXNzd29yZA==
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- secretbox:
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keys:
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- name: key1
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secret: YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnd4eXoxMjM0NTY=
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```
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***这个配置示例是从官方文档复制来的。这是一个包含许多类型的配置，直接使用是无法加密的(可能是因为`- identity: {}`是列表第一项)，使用时请参考后面的配置***
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kubernetes 支持 `identity`、`aescbc`、`secretbox`、`aesgcm`、`kms` 这几种加密方式，其中`aescbc`为官方推荐加密类型，`aesgcm`为不推荐加密类型，`kms`需要第三方工具管理。
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加密密钥获取方式
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```bash
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head -c 32 /dev/urandom | base64
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```
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此命令会获得一个随机的32位密钥
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***只提供需要的加密类型的配置***
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```yaml
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apiVersion: apiserver.config.k8s.io/v1
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kind: EncryptionConfiguration
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resources:
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- resources:
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- secrets
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providers:
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- aescbc:
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keys:
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- name: key1
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secret: eGy+iOygy5lN1jWWYRVtVXywe5HDc1Op9lUgR5MRaPo=
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- identity: {}
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```
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### 配置apiserver
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编辑文件`kube-apiserver.yaml`
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```yaml
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Pod
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metadata:
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...
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spec:
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containers:
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- command:
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- kube-apiserver
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...
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- --experimental-encryption-provider-config=/etc/kubernetes/pki/encryption.yaml
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```
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***如果是kubeadm安装的集群，配置文件位于`/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml`***
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**注意：这里的加密配置文件放在`/etc/kubernetes/pki/encryption.yaml`，因为这个目录是默认挂载到apiserver的pod里的，也可以放在其他目录并修改挂载选项挂载进去**
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**注意：必须先写好配置文件，在修改apiserver的配置，否则apiserver可能需要多次重启**
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配置文件修改完成后，apiserver的pod会自动重启。
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现在，新创建的secret会自动加密了。
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## 验证
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创建一个secret
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```bash
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kubectl create secret generic secret1 -n default --from-literal=mykey=mydata
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```
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使用 etcdctl 命令行，从 etcd 中读取 secret：
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```bash
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ETCD_POD=$(kubectl -n kube-system get pod -l component=etcd -o name)
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kubectl -n kube-system exec -it ${ETCD_POD} -- etcdctl get /registry/secrets/default/secret1 --endpoints=localhost:2379 --cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/peer.crt --key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/peer.key --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt |hexdump -C
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```
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***这个是从官方文档改成kubectl的命令，原命令`ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl get /registry/secrets/default/secret1 [你的参数] | hexdump -C`***
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可以在结果中找到`1..k8s:enc:aescb`表示加密成功，这是文件的其他内容都是乱码
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```text
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00000000 2f 72 65 67 69 73 74 72 79 2f 73 65 63 72 65 74 |/registry/secret|
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00000010 73 2f 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 2f 73 65 63 72 65 74 |s/default/secret|
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00000020 31 0d 0a 6b 38 73 3a 65 6e 63 3a 61 65 73 63 62 |1..k8s:enc:aescb|
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00000030 63 3a 76 31 3a 6b 65 79 31 3a c6 76 5c ca d4 9a |c:v1:key1:.v\...|
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00000040 ee 49 87 86 98 7e d9 22 30 42 16 c7 9a 7e e1 08 |.I...~."0B...~..|
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00000050 71 e1 8b 1d bc 57 44 ae 04 77 5f 8f 5c f6 29 ee |q....WD..w_.\.).|
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00000060 8f 3c ed 2b cc 8a cb d2 25 fd b2 ba 3a c3 c5 5e |.<.+....%...:..^|
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00000070 70 99 03 6e 0d 0a e9 c4 90 a4 cb e3 09 92 ec de |p..n............|
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00000080 2f 20 eb 35 b7 be 93 f0 09 a1 84 48 8c 3a ed 43 |/ .5.......H.:.C|
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00000090 47 b6 cf 96 cc 25 7e 54 f3 c2 93 34 cc 0c 25 6d |G....%~T...4..%m|
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000000a0 d9 df ca f3 ed a1 d8 8e 55 1b 26 58 d9 3f f2 fc |........U.&X.?..|
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000000b0 58 ed a1 0f 4d 4b e9 11 bf ba e0 52 4f 74 8e 5b |X...MK.....ROt.[|
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000000c0 47 c3 68 db f9 6c e9 b5 f5 3c 1c 64 a4 49 9b 68 |G.h..l...<.d.I.h|
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000000d0 18 30 de d9 1c 36 fb 43 e2 d7 0f 18 84 09 2d 46 |.0...6.C......-F|
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000000e0 b1 97 31 87 0f eb 68 83 2c 4f 0b 42 1c 01 d0 ca |..1...h.,O.B....|
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000000f0 e2 88 b9 0c 97 cf 77 8d d1 73 83 ed 1d c2 19 57 |......w..s.....W|
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00000100 2f f0 cd 5e 39 19 d6 67 fd 73 88 ab 09 bf 90 09 |/..^9..g.s......|
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00000110 78 69 1e 60 22 60 97 b9 83 c4 38 0c ea e2 02 9a |xi.`"`....8.....|
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00000120 16 ac 6e ca 3e c1 28 77 21 32 4a 7a 5a a0 11 4f |..n.>.(w!2JzZ..O|
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00000130 d4 1f 2b a8 6b 85 43 47 fb 43 ea 0d 0a |..+.k.CG.C...|
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0000013d
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```
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通过api查看
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```bash
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kubectl describe secret secret1 -n default
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```
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